當你提到「A射B導戰術」，這是一個在現代導彈系統中常見的戰術概念，屬於協同作戰火力指引的一種策略。這裡我們來深入解析這個術語的意涵、應用場景與技術挑戰。
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一、「A射B導」是什麼？
「A射B導」全名為「A平台發射，B平台導引」，是指一個作戰平台（如戰機、艦艇或地面發射單元）負責發射飛彈，而另一個不同的平台負責導引飛彈飛行至目標。
這樣的戰術打破了傳統上單一平台從發射到命中的一體化流程，提升了作戰的彈性與跨平台整合能力。
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二、具體流程（以實際戰場為例）
假設：
•A 是一架隱形戰機（如 F-35），靠近敵區，潛伏偵查。
•B 是遠距離雷達機（如 E-2D 或陸基雷達）。
•C 是目標（敵方戰艦或地面設施）。
作戰流程如下：
1.偵查與標定目標：
•B 平台（例如雷達機）偵測到 C 目標，並持續追蹤其位置。
2.火控與發射：
•A 平台收到目標數據後，發射飛彈（如空對艦導彈或巡弋飛彈）。
•此時飛彈可能尚未鎖定目標，而是飛向大致方向。
3.中段導引：
•B 平台利用其高功率雷達，將飛彈中段飛行的路徑修正，確保其逼近目標。
•導引方式可能包括數據鏈（Data Link）傳輸目標更新資訊給飛彈。
4.末段導引與命中：
•當飛彈接近目標時，開啟自帶的雷達或紅外導引頭，完成最後鎖定並命中。
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三、戰術優勢
1.提升平台存活率：
•發射平台（A）可以在不暴露目標資訊的情況下快速發射，然後轉入隱蔽。
•導引平台（B）可在遠距或安全位置操作，降低戰損風險。
2.增強跨域協同作戰能力：
•各種平台可以互補，如海軍艦艇為空軍導引飛彈，或無人機協助有人機瞄準。
3.射程突破與超視距打擊：
•目標不需在射手平台的雷達範圍內，只需導引平台掌握，戰術範圍大幅擴張。
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四、技術挑戰與限制
•數據鏈延遲與抗干擾能力：飛彈需與導引平台穩定連線，否則會喪失修正能力。
•平台間協同標準（如Link-16、Link-22）：需具備高度互通的通信協議與識別邏輯。
•敵方電戰與反導作為：敵人可干擾導引波束或導引平台的雷達信號，造成導引失效。
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五、實戰應用案例
•美軍「聯合打擊武器網路」（JADC2, Joint All-Domain Command and Control）就是「A射B導」戰術的極致應用，強調各軍種平台間的即時數據融合。
•**中共反艦彈道飛彈（如東風-21D）**可能也具備「A射B導」特性，由地面單元發射，靠海上或空中平台追蹤航母導引。
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結語
「A射B導」是新世代網絡化戰爭的重要支柱，讓武器的精準打擊能力不再侷限於單一平台。它是一種「分工合作式的致命精準」，將作戰視野從「點對點」推向「系統對系統」的維度。
未來，這種戰術模式將隨著無人機群、AI導引與量子通信技術的融合，進一步進化成全自主、多平台聯合攻擊的智能戰術生態。
1. What is “A-shoots, B-guides”?
“A-shoots, B-guides” (shortened as A-shoot-B-guide) refers to a coordinated combat tactic where Platform A launches a missile, but Platform B handles its guidance toward the target.
This breaks the traditional single-platform model—where the same unit handles both launch and guidance—and instead distributes responsibilities across multiple systems, enhancing operational flexibility and survivability.
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2. How it works (with a battlefield example)
Imagine the following:
•A is a stealth fighter (e.g., F-35), flying close to enemy territory.
•B is an airborne radar aircraft (e.g., E-2D) or a ground-based radar system.
•C is the target, such as an enemy ship.
Step-by-step operation:
1.Target Detection:
•Platform B detects Target C and continuously tracks it with radar.
2.Missile Launch:
•Platform A receives the targeting data and launches a missile.
•At launch, the missile may not have direct lock-on; it is directed toward the general area.
3.Mid-course Guidance:
•Platform B transmits updated guidance data to the missile during its mid-flight phase, adjusting its course toward the target.
•This data is sent via secure data link systems.
4.Terminal Homing:
•As the missile nears the target, it activates its own seeker (e.g., radar or infrared) to lock on and strike with precision.
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3. Strategic Advantages
•Increased Platform Survivability:
•The launching platform (A) can fire quickly and retreat without exposing itself to enemy sensors.
•The guiding platform (B) operates from a safe distance.
•Cross-Domain Combat Capability:
•Enables joint coordination across air, land, and sea (e.g., a warship guides a missile launched by an aircraft).
•Extended Engagement Range:
•The target does not need to be within the launch platform’s sensor range—as long as Platform B can track it, the missile can hit it from far beyond visual range.
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4. Technical Challenges
•Data Link Stability:
•Real-time updates must be secure and resilient to jamming or interference.
•Interoperability Standards:
•Platforms must use compatible protocols (e.g., Link-16 or Link-22) for seamless communication.
•Enemy Countermeasures:
•Electronic warfare or radar deception could disrupt guidance, causing the missile to lose lock.
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5. Real-World Applications
•U.S. JADC2 (Joint All-Domain Command and Control) is built on this concept, promoting real-time data fusion across all services and platforms.
•China’s DF-21D anti-ship ballistic missile may also follow this approach: launched from land, but guided by other platforms (like satellites or UAVs) to strike moving naval targets.
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Conclusion
“A-shoots, B-guides” represents a leap into network-centric warfare, where precision firepower is distributed, coordinated, and intelligent. This shifts combat from isolated platform strikes to system-vs-system engagements, where integration is the key to dominance.
With future enhancements—like drone swarms, AI-based targeting, and quantum communication—this tactic is evolving into a smart, cooperative web of lethal precision.
新聞辭典／協同接戰關鍵能力
所謂「Ａ射Ｂ導」的協同接戰能力（ＣＥＣ）兩大關鍵：一是各載台之間，能以資料鏈大量交換即時訊息，二是搜索雷達提供的目標位置足夠精確，可讓飛彈飛到距離目標很近，才開啟射控雷達鎖定，讓敵方缺乏足夠時間反應。目前國軍只有紀德級驅逐艦能和美軍神盾艦連線，發射標準二型飛彈攻擊敵機。
國軍的E─２K預警機在美軍具備一定ＣＥＣ能力，但美方售台的E─２K，並無ＣＥＣ介面。
E─２D與神盾艦一樣使用相位陣列雷達，能提供射控等級的目標資訊，使ＣＥＣ能力大增。美軍為強化遠距獵殺，也推出長程空對空飛彈，海軍剛接收標六飛彈的空射版AIM-174，空軍的AIM-260尚在研發中。戰鬥機只需接收預警機提供資訊，就可對自身視界外的目標發射飛彈。
